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  • Vatican City
    Saturday Dec 1, 1145
    Crusades

    Eugene III recently elected pope

    Vatican City
    Saturday Dec 1, 1145

    Eugene III recently elected pope, issued the bull Quantum praedecessores on 1 December 1145, the first such papal bull issued calling for a new crusade, meant to be more organized and centrally controlled than the First. The armies would be led by the strongest kings of Europe and a route would be pre-planned. The French contingent departed in June 1147.




  • South Africa
    Monday Dec 1, 1834
    Second Boer War

    Many Boers who were dissatisfied with aspects of British administration, in particular with Britain's abolition of slavery

    South Africa
    Monday Dec 1, 1834

    The Boers were itinerant farmers who lived on the colony's frontiers, seeking better pastures for their livestock. Many Boers who were dissatisfied with aspects of British administration, in particular with Britain's abolition of slavery on 1 December 1834, elected to migrate away from British rule in what became known as the Great Trek.




  • Mexico City, Mexico
    Monday Dec 1, 1884
    Mexican Revolution

    Díaz had ruled Continuously

    Mexico City, Mexico
    Monday Dec 1, 1884

    Díaz had ruled continuously since 1884. The question of presidential succession was an issue as early as 1900, when Díaz turned 70. It was his "undeclared intention to step down from the presidency in 1904."




  • Guangxi, China
    Sunday Dec 1, 1907
    Xinhai Revolution

    Zhennanguan Uprising

    Guangxi, China
    Sunday Dec 1, 1907

    On 1 December 1907, the Zhennanguan Uprising took place at Zhennanguan, a pass on the Chinese-Vietnamese border. Sun Yat-sen sent Huang Mintang to monitor the pass, which was guarded by a fort. With the assistance of supporters among the fort's defenders, the revolutionaries captured the cannon tower in Zhennanguan. Sun Yat-sen, Huang Xing and Hu Hanmin personally went to the tower to command the battle. The Qing government sent troops led by Long Jiguang and Lu Rongting to counterattack, and the revolutionaries were forced to retreat into the mountainous areas. After the failure of this uprising, Sun was forced to move to Singapore due to anti-Sun sentiments within the revolutionary groups. He would not return to the mainland until after the Wuchang Uprising.




  • Jiangsu, China
    Friday Dec 1, 1911
    Xinhai Revolution

    The United Army Captured Many Strongholds of The Qing Army

    Jiangsu, China
    Friday Dec 1, 1911

    Between 24 November and 1 December, under the command of Xu Shaozhen, the united army captured Wulongshan, Mufushan, Yuhuatai, Tianbao City and many other strongholds of the Qing army.




  • Alba Iulia, Romania
    Sunday Dec 1, 1918
    Hungarian–Romanian War

    Union of Transylvania With Romania

    Alba Iulia, Romania
    Sunday Dec 1, 1918

    On 1 December, the Union of Transylvania with Romania was officiated by the elected representatives of the Romanian people of Transylvania, who proclaimed a union with Romania. Later the Transylvanian Saxons and Banat Swabians also supported the union.




  • France
    Sunday Dec 1, 1918
    Charles de Gaulle

    De Gaulle returned to his father's house after the war

    France
    Sunday Dec 1, 1918

    On 1 December 1918, three weeks later, he returned to his father's house in the Dordogne to be reunited with his three brothers, who had all served in the army and survived the war.


  • London, England, United Kingdom
    Tuesday Dec 1, 1925
    Gustav Stresemann

    Locarno Treaties

    London, England, United Kingdom
    Tuesday Dec 1, 1925

    Stresemann said that Germany alone should not make sacrifices for peace; European countries should cede colonies to Germany; the disarmament control commission should leave Germany; the Anglo-French occupation of the Rhineland should be ended; and Britain and France should disarm as Germany had done. The Treaties were signed in October 1925 at Locarno. Germany officially recognized the post-World War I western border for the first time, and was guaranteed peace with France, and promised admission to the League of Nations and evacuation of the last Allied occupation troops from the Rhineland.


  • Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
    Wednesday Dec 1, 1937
    Second Sino-Japanese War

    The Battle of Nanjing

    Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
    Wednesday Dec 1, 1937

    Building on the hard-won victory in Shanghai, the IJA captured the KMT capital city of Nanjing (December 1937) and Northern Shanxi (September–November 1937). These campaigns involved approximately 350,000 Japanese soldiers, and considerably more Chinese.


  • Tokyo, Japan
    Monday Dec 1, 1941
    Hirohito

    Imperial Conference Sanctioned The War

    Tokyo, Japan
    Monday Dec 1, 1941

    On December 1 an Imperial Conference sanctioned the "War against the United States, United Kingdom and the Kingdom of the Netherlands."


  • Rionegro, Colombia
    Thursday Dec 1, 1949
    Pablo Escobar: Narcos

    Birth

    Rionegro, Colombia
    Thursday Dec 1, 1949

    Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria was born on 1 December 1949, in Rionegro, in the Antioquia Department of Colombia. He was the third of seven children of the farmer Abel de Jesús Dari Escobar Echeverri (1910–2001), with his wife Hilda de Los Dolores Gaviria Berrío, an elementary school teacher.


  • Montgomery, Alabama, U.S.
    Thursday Dec 1, 1955
    Martin Luther King

    Rosa Parks

    Montgomery, Alabama, U.S.
    Thursday Dec 1, 1955

    Nine months later on December 1, 1955, a similar incident occurred when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus.


  • Montgomery, Alabama, U.S.
    Thursday Dec 1, 1955
    Rosa Parks

    Parks was Arrested

    Montgomery, Alabama, U.S.
    Thursday Dec 1, 1955

    When Parks refused to give up her seat, a police officer arrested her. As the officer took her away, she recalled that she asked, "Why do you push us around?" She remembered him saying, "I don't know, but the law's the law, and you're under arrest." She later said, "I only knew that, as I was being arrested, that it was the very last time that I would ever ride in humiliation of this kind. ... ". Parks was charged with a violation of Chapter 6, Section 11 segregation law of the Montgomery City code, although technically she had not taken a white-only seat; she had been in a colored section. Edgar Nixon, president of the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP and leader of the Pullman Porters Union, and her friend Clifford Durr bailed Parks out of jail that evening.


  • Montgomery, Alabama, U.S.
    Thursday Dec 1, 1955
    06:00:00 PM
    Rosa Parks

    The 2nd bus Incident

    Montgomery, Alabama, U.S.
    Thursday Dec 1, 1955
    06:00:00 PM

    around 6 p.m., Thursday, December 1, 1955, in downtown Montgomery. She paid her fare and sat in an empty seat in the first row of back seats reserved for blacks in the "colored" section. Near the middle of the bus, her row was directly behind the ten seats reserved for white passengers. Initially, she did not notice that the bus driver was the same man, James F. Blake, who had left her in the rain in 1943. As the bus traveled along its regular route, all of the white-only seats in the bus filled up. The bus reached the third stop in front of the Empire Theater, and several white passengers boarded. Blake noted that two or three white passengers were standing, as the front of the bus had filled to capacity. He moved the "colored" section sign behind Parks and demanded that four black people give up their seats in the middle section so that the white passengers could sit. Parks moved, but toward the window seat; she did not get up to move to the redesignated colored section. Parks later said about being asked to move to the rear of the bus, "I thought of Emmett Till and I just couldn't go back." Blake said, "Why don't you stand up?" Parks responded, "I don't think I should have to stand up." Blake called the police to arrest Parks.


  • Alcatraz, San Francisco, USA
    Friday Dec 1, 1961
    June 1962 Alcatraz escape attempt: Escape from Alcatraz

    The gathering

    Alcatraz, San Francisco, USA
    Friday Dec 1, 1961

    The four inmates were no sooner assigned adjacent cells in December 1961 than they began formulating the escape plan together, though always under the leadership of Morris, the chief mastermind and unilateral orchestrator of the plot.


  • U.S.
    Sunday Dec 1, 1963
    Malcolm X

    Criticism of John F.Kennedy assassination

    U.S.
    Sunday Dec 1, 1963

    On December 1, 1963, when asked to comment on the assassination of John F. Kennedy, Malcolm X said that it was a case of "chickens coming home to roost". He added that "chickens coming home to roost never did make me sad; they've always made me glad."


  • Greenville, Texas, U.S.
    Friday Dec 1, 1972
    Bart Millard

    Birth

    Greenville, Texas, U.S.
    Friday Dec 1, 1972

    Bart Marshall Millard born in Greenville, Texas.


  • Ramat Gan, Israel
    Saturday Dec 1, 1973
    David Ben-Gurion

    Death

    Ramat Gan, Israel
    Saturday Dec 1, 1973

    On 18 November 1973, Ben-Gurion suffered a cerebral hemorrhage, and was taken to Sheba Medical Center in Tel HaShomer, Ramat Gan. During the first week following the stroke, he received visits from many high-ranking officials, including Prime Minister Golda Meir. His condition began deteriorating on 23 November, and he died on 1 December at age 87.


  • Iran
    Friday Dec 1, 1978
    Iranian Revolution

    The Muharram protests

    Iran
    Friday Dec 1, 1978

    On 2 December 1978, the Muharram protests began. Named for the Islamic month they began in, the Muharram protests were impressively huge and pivotal. Over two million protesters (many of whom were teenagers organized by the mullahs from the mosques of southern Tehran) took to the streets, crowding Shahyad Square. Protesters frequently went out at night, defying the set curfew, often taking to rooftops and shouting "Allahu-Akbar" (God is Great). According to one witness, many of the clashes on the street had an air of playfulness rather than seriousness, with security forces using "kid gloves" against the opposition (nevertheless, the government reported at least 12 opposition deaths).


  • Ukraine
    Sunday Dec 1, 1991
    Dissolution of the Soviet Union

    Final round of the Soviet Union's collapse

    Ukraine
    Sunday Dec 1, 1991

    The final round of the Soviet Union's collapse began with a Ukrainian popular referendum on December 1, 1991, in which 90 percent of voters opted for independence.


  • Chechnya, Russia
    Thursday Dec 1, 1994
    First Chechen War

    Russian forces openly carried out heavy aerial bombardments

    Chechnya, Russia
    Thursday Dec 1, 1994

    Beginning on 1 December, Russian forces openly carried out heavy aerial bombardments of Chechnya.


  • U.S.
    Tuesday Dec 1, 1998
    Impeachment of Bill Clinton

    Clinton Denied Having a "Sexual Relationship"

    U.S.
    Tuesday Dec 1, 1998

    In a January 17, 1998 sworn deposition, Clinton denied having a "sexual relationship," "sexual affair," or "sexual relations" with Lewinsky, and even that he was ever alone with her. His lawyer, Robert S. Bennett, stated with Clinton present that Lewinsky's affidavit showed that there was no sex in any manner, shape or form between Clinton and Lewinsky.


  • Grozny, Chechnya, Russia
    Wednesday Dec 1, 1999
    Second Chechen War

    Russian forces under Major General Vladimir Shamanov took control of Alkhan-Yurt, a village just south of Grozny

    Grozny, Chechnya, Russia
    Wednesday Dec 1, 1999

    On 1 December 1999, after weeks of heavy fighting, Russian forces under Major General Vladimir Shamanov took control of Alkhan-Yurt, a village just south of Grozny. The Chechen and foreign fighters inflicted heavy losses on the Russian forces, reportedly killing more than 70 Russian soldiers before retreating, suffering heavy losses of their own.


  • Wisconsin, U.S.
    Monday Dec 1, 2008
    12:00:00 PM
    Spanish Flu

    Yoshihiro Kawaoka Research

    Wisconsin, U.S.
    Monday Dec 1, 2008
    12:00:00 PM

    In December 2008, research by Yoshihiro Kawaoka of the University of Wisconsin linked the presence of three specific genes (termed PA, PB1, and PB2) and a nucleoprotein derived from 1918 flu samples to the ability of the flu virus to invade the lungs and cause pneumonia. The combination triggered similar symptoms in animal testing.


  • Paris, France
    Tuesday Dec 1, 2009
    Lionel Messi

    First Ballon d'Or awarded

    Paris, France
    Tuesday Dec 1, 2009

    First Ballon d'Or awarded.


  • England, U.K.
    Thursday Dec 1, 2011
    Vodafone

    Bluefish Communications Ltd

    England, U.K.
    Thursday Dec 1, 2011

    On 1 December 2011, it acquired the Reading-based Bluefish Communications Ltd, an ICT consultancy company. The acquired operations formed the nucleus of a new Unified Communications and Collaboration practice within its subsidiary Vodafone Global Enterprise.


  • U.S.
    Tuesday Dec 1, 2015
    Mark Zuckerberg

    Donate 99% of their Facebook shares

    U.S.
    Tuesday Dec 1, 2015

    On December 1, 2015, Zuckerberg and Chan announced the birth of their first daughter Max, and in an open letter to Max, they pledged to donate 99% of their Facebook shares, then valued at US$45 billion, to the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, their new organization that will focus on health and education.


  • U.S.
    Tuesday Dec 1, 2015
    Mark Zuckerberg

    Chan Zuckerberg Initiative

    U.S.
    Tuesday Dec 1, 2015

    On December 1, 2015, Mark and Chan announced they would eventually give 99 percent of their Facebook shares (worth about US$45 billion at the time) to the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.


  • Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
    Friday Dec 1, 2017
    Meghan, Duchess of Sussex

    First official public appearance after engagement

    Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
    Friday Dec 1, 2017

    After the engagement, Markle's first official public appearance with Prince Harry was at a World AIDS Day walkabout in Nottingham on December 1, 2017. Markle and Harry marked International Women's Day by attending an event in Birmingham hosted by the Stemettes. Along with the Queen and other members of the royal family, she attended the Commonwealth Day service at Westminster Abbey on March 12. The couple made their first visit to Northern Ireland on March 23. Markle carried out a total of 26 public engagements prior to the wedding.


  • Vancouver, Canada
    Saturday Dec 1, 2018
    Huawei

    Arresting Huawei vice-chairwoman and CFO "Meng Wanzhou"

    Vancouver, Canada
    Saturday Dec 1, 2018

    On 1 December 2018, Huawei vice-chairwoman and CFO Meng Wanzhou, daughter of company founder Ren Zhengfei, was arrested in Canada at the request of U.S. authorities. She faced extradition to the United States on charges of violating sanctions against Iran.


  • U.S.
    Saturday Dec 1, 2018
    Eminem

    Kick off

    U.S.
    Saturday Dec 1, 2018

    On December 1, Eminem released an 11 minute freestyle to his YouTube channel titled 'Kick off'.


  • Wuhan, China
    Sunday Dec 1, 2019
    Covid-19 Pandemic: 2020 Coronavirus outbreak

    The earliest reported symptoms

    Wuhan, China
    Sunday Dec 1, 2019

    Of the first 41 confirmed cases of 2019-nCoV infection, two-thirds were found to have a link with the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, which also sold live animals. The earliest reported symptoms occurred on 1 December 2019, in a person who did not have any exposure to the market or to the remaining 40 affected people. As the number of cases has increased, the significance of the market lessened.


  • U.S.
    Tuesday Dec 1, 2020
    Elliot Page

    Elliot Page comes out as transgender

    U.S.
    Tuesday Dec 1, 2020

    On December 1, 2020, Page came out as transgender on his social media accounts, specified his pronouns like he/him and they/them, and revealed his new name, Elliot Page. His spouse Emma Portner expressed support for him coming out on the same day on her Instagram account, saying she was "so proud" of Page.


  • San Francisco, California, U.S.
    Tuesday Dec 1, 2020
    Uber

    Uber acquired Postmates

    San Francisco, California, U.S.
    Tuesday Dec 1, 2020

    On December 1, 2020, Uber acquired Postmates for $2.65 billion.


  • Russia
    Wednesday Dec 1, 2021
    Russian Invasion of Ukraine

    Putin wanted guarantees for Ukraine issue

    Russia
    Wednesday Dec 1, 2021

    On December 1, 2021, Russian President Vladimir Putin said he wanted to receive guarantees from the West that Ukraine would not join NATO.


  • Bavaria
    Friday Dec 1, 1724

    Charles Theodore Birth

    Bavaria
    Friday Dec 1, 1724

    The German Elector of Bavaria, Charles Theodore, was born in Droogenbosch.


  • Edinburgh
    Tuesday Dec 1, 1671

    John Keill Birth

    Edinburgh
    Tuesday Dec 1, 1671

    Scottish mathematician John Keill was born in Edinburgh, Scotland.


  • Cremona
    Tuesday Dec 1, 1671

    Antonio Stradivari Birth

    Cremona
    Tuesday Dec 1, 1671

    The son of a violin maker, Stradivari was born in Cremona, Lombardy.


  • Holešov
    Sunday Dec 1, 1709

    Franz Xaver Richter Birth

    Holešov
    Sunday Dec 1, 1709

    A probable place of birth for the composer, Franz Xaver Richter, singer and conductor is Holleschau, Moravia.


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