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  • Finland
    1871
    Nokia

    Forming Nokia Ab

    Finland
    1871

    In 1871, Idestam, together with friend Leo Mechelin, formed a shared company from it and called it Nokia Ab (in Swedish, Nokia Company being the English equivalent), after the site of the second pulp mill. Idestam retired in 1896, making Mechelin the company's chairman.




  • Germany
    Sunday Jan 1, 1871
    Unification of Germany

    Bismarck negotiated with representatives of the southern German states

    Germany
    Sunday Jan 1, 1871

    Bismarck acted immediately to secure the unification of Germany. He negotiated with representatives of the southern German states, offering special concessions if they agreed to unification. The negotiations succeeded; patriotic sentiment overwhelmed what opposition remained. While the war was in its final phase, Wilhelm I of Prussia was proclaimed German Emperor on 18 January 1871 in the Hall of Mirrors in the Château de Versailles.




  • Michigan, U.S.
    1871
    Memorial day

    Michigan state holiday

    Michigan, U.S.
    1871

    In 1871, Michigan made "Decoration Day" an official state holiday and by 1890, every northern state had followed suit. There was no standard program for the ceremonies, but they were typically sponsored by the Women's Relief Corps, the women's auxiliary of the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR), which had 100,000 members. By 1870, the remains of nearly 300,000 Union dead had been reinterred in 73 national cemeteries, located near major battlefields and thus mainly in the South. The most famous are Gettysburg National Cemetery in Pennsylvania and Arlington National Cemetery, near Washington, D.C




  • Germany
    1871
    Unification of Germany

    Bismarck was raised to the rank of Fürst

    Germany
    1871

    In 1871, Bismarck was raised to the rank of Fürst (Prince). He was also appointed as the first Imperial Chancellor (Reichskanzler) of the German Empire, but retained his Prussian offices, including those of Minister-President and Foreign Minister.




  • Germany
    1871
    Unification of Germany

    German Empire

    Germany
    1871

    The German Empire or the Imperial State of Germany, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich, the Kaiserreich, as well as simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.




  • Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
    1871
    Sojourner Truth

    Second Annual Convention of the American Woman Suffrage Association

    Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
    1871

    In Boston, 1871: In a brief speech, Truth argued that women's rights were essential, not only to their own well-being, but "for the benefit of the whole creation, not only the women, but all the men on the face of the earth, for they were the mother of them."




  • United Kingdom
    1871
    Penicillin

    Penicillium glaucum

    United Kingdom
    1871

    The modern history of penicillin research begins in earnest in the 1870s in the United Kingdom. Sir John Scott Burdon-Sanderson, who started out at St. Mary's Hospital (1852–1858) and later worked there as a lecturer (1854–1862), observed that culture fluid covered with mold would produce no bacterial growth. Burdon-Sanderson's discovery prompted Joseph Lister, an English surgeon and the father of modern antisepsis, to discover in 1871 that urine samples contaminated with mold also did not permit the growth of bacteria. Lister also described the antibacterial action on human tissue of a species of mold he called Penicillium glaucum.


  • Coney Island, New York City, New York, U.S.
    1871
    Hot Dog

    Coney Island Red Hots

    Coney Island, New York City, New York, U.S.
    1871

    In 1871 Charles Feltman leased land to build a permanent restaurant, and the business grew, selling far more than just the "Coney Island Red Hots" as they were known.


  • U.S.
    Thursday Apr 20, 1871
    Frederick Douglass

    Grant signed the Civil Rights Act of 1871

    U.S.
    Thursday Apr 20, 1871

    After the midterm elections, Grant signed the Civil Rights Act of 1871 (also known as the Klan Act), and the second and third Enforcement Acts.


  • New York, U.S.
    Jun, 1871
    Statue of Liberty

    Bartholdi went to the U.S.

    New York, U.S.
    Jun, 1871

    Due to the Franco-Prussian War, Bartholdi's home province of Alsace was lost to the Prussians, and a more liberal republic was installed in France. As Bartholdi had been planning a trip to the United States, he and Laboulaye decided the time was right to discuss the idea with influential Americans. In June 1871, Bartholdi crossed the Atlantic, with letters of introduction signed by Laboulaye.


  • New York, U.S.
    1871
    Statue of Liberty

    Bartholdi choosing the Bedloe's Island

    New York, U.S.
    1871

    Arriving at New York Harbor, Bartholdi focused on Bedloe's Island (now named Liberty Island) as a site for the statue, struck by the fact that vessels arriving in New York had to sail past it. He was delighted to learn that the island was owned by the United States government—it had been ceded by the New York State Legislature in 1800 for harbor defense. It was thus, as he put it in a letter to Laboulaye: "land common to all the states".


  • Dayton, Ohio, U.S.
    Saturday Aug 19, 1871
    The Wright brothers

    Orville Birth

    Dayton, Ohio, U.S.
    Saturday Aug 19, 1871

    Orville in Dayton, Ohio, in 1871.


  • Washington, DC, U.S.
    1871
    Coverture

    Violated Law

    Washington, DC, U.S.
    1871

    In 1871, Bradwell argued to the Supreme Court that coverture violated the Constitution's 14th Amendment.


  • Wisconsin, United States
    Sunday Oct 8, 1871
    Disasters with highest death tolls

    Peshtigo Fire

    Wisconsin, United States
    Sunday Oct 8, 1871

    The Peshtigo fire was a very large forest fire that took place on October 8, 1871, in northeastern Wisconsin, including much of the Door Peninsula, and adjacent parts of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The largest community in the affected area was Peshtigo, Wisconsin. With the estimated deaths of around 1,500 people, and possibly as many as 2,500.


  • Italy
    Nov, 1871
    Unification of Italy

    Unification was precipitated of Italy

    Italy
    Nov, 1871

    The unification process was precipitated by the Revolutions of 1848, and reached completion in 1871 after the Capture of Rome and its designatation as the capital of the Kingdom of Italy.


  • U.S.
    1871
    Statue of Liberty

    Gathering Americans Opinions

    U.S.
    1871

    As well as meeting many influential New Yorkers, Bartholdi visited President Ulysses S. Grant, who assured him that it would not be difficult to obtain the site for the statue. Bartholdi crossed the United States twice by rail and met many Americans who he thought would be sympathetic to the project. But he remained concerned that popular opinion on both sides of the Atlantic was insufficiently supportive of the proposal, and he and Laboulaye decided to wait before mounting a public campaign.


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