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  • Rwanda
    Tuesday Jan 11, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Genocide Fax

    Rwanda
    Tuesday Jan 11, 1994

    On 11 January 1994, General Roméo Dallaire, commander of UNAMIR (United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda), sent his "Genocide Fax" to UN Headquarters. The fax stated that Dallaire was in contact with "a top level trainer in the cadre of Interhamwe-armed militia of MRND." The informant—now known to be Mathieu Ngirumpatse's chauffeur, Kassim Turatsinze, a.k.a. "Jean-Pierre" – claimed to have been ordered to register all Tutsi in Kigali. According to the memo, Turatsinze suspected that a genocide against the Tutsis was being planned, and he said that "in 20 minutes his personnel could kill up to 1000 Tutsis". Dallaire's request to protect the informant and his family and to raid the weapons caches he revealed was denied.




  • Rwanda
    Wednesday Apr 6, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    A Crisis Committee

    Rwanda
    Wednesday Apr 6, 1994

    Following Habyarimana's death, on the evening of 6 April, a crisis committee was formed; it consisted of Major General Augustin Ndindiliyimana, Colonel Théoneste Bagosora, and a number of other senior army staff officers. The committee was headed by Bagosora, despite the presence of the more senior Ndindiliyimana. Prime Minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana was legally next in the line of political succession, but the committee refused to recognise her authority. Roméo Dallaire met with the committee that night and insisted that Uwilingiyimana be placed in charge, but Bagosora refused, saying Uwilingiyimana did not "enjoy the confidence of the Rwandan people" and was "incapable of governing the nation". The committee also justified its existence as being essential to avoid uncertainty following the president's death. Bagosora sought to convince UNAMIR and the RPF that the committee was acting to contain the Presidential Guard, which he described as "out of control", and that it would abide by the Arusha agreement.




  • Kigali, Rwanda
    Wednesday Apr 6, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The assassination of Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana

    Kigali, Rwanda
    Wednesday Apr 6, 1994

    The genocide was organised by members of the core Hutu political elite, many of whom occupied positions at top levels of the national government. Most historians agree that a genocide against the Tutsi had been planned for at least a year. However the assassination of Rwandan president Juvénal Habyarimana on 6 April 1994 created a power vacuum and ended peace accords. Genocidal killings began the following day when soldiers, police, and militia executed key Tutsi and moderate Hutu military and political leaders.




  • Rwanda
    Thursday Apr 7, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Paul Kagame warned the crisis committee and UNAMIR that he would resume the civil war if the killing did not stop

    Rwanda
    Thursday Apr 7, 1994

    On 7 April, as the genocide started, RPF (the Rwandan Patriotic Front) commander Paul Kagame warned the crisis committee and UNAMIR that he would resume the civil war if the killing did not stop.




  • Rwanda
    Thursday Apr 7, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The ICTR prosecution was unable to prove that a conspiracy to commit genocide

    Rwanda
    Thursday Apr 7, 1994

    The ICTR (International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda) prosecution was unable to prove that a conspiracy to commit genocide existed prior to 7 April 1994.




  • Gikondo, Rwanda
    Saturday Apr 9, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The massacre of children

    Gikondo, Rwanda
    Saturday Apr 9, 1994

    On 9 April, UN observers witnessed the massacre of children at a Polish church in Gikondo.




  • Kigali, Rwanda
    Monday Apr 11, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The Official Technical School

    Kigali, Rwanda
    Monday Apr 11, 1994

    Thousands sought refuge in the Official Technical School (École Technique Officielle) in Kigali where Belgian UNAMIR soldiers were stationed. On 11 April, the Belgian soldiers withdrew, and Rwandan armed forces and militia killed all the Tutsi.


  • Rwanda
    Tuesday Apr 12, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The Belgian government announced that it was withdrawing

    Rwanda
    Tuesday Apr 12, 1994

    On 12 April, the Belgian government, which was one of the largest troop contributors to UNAMIR, and had lost ten soldiers protecting Prime Minister Uwilingiliyimana, announced that it was withdrawing, reducing the force's effectiveness even further.


  • Nyange, Rwanda
    Tuesday Apr 12, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Nyarubuye massacre

    Nyange, Rwanda
    Tuesday Apr 12, 1994

    One such massacre occurred at Nyarubuye. On 12 April, more than 1,500 Tutsis sought refuge in a Catholic church in Nyange, then in Kivumu commune.


  • Rwanda
    May, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The Presidential Guard, gendarmerie and the youth militia, aided by local populations, continued killing at a very high rate

    Rwanda
    May, 1994

    During the remainder of April and early May, the Presidential Guard, gendarmerie and the youth militia, aided by local populations, continued killing at a very high rate. Gerard Prunier estimates that during the first six weeks, up to 800,000 Rwandans may have been murdered, representing a rate five times higher than during the Holocaust of Nazi Germany. The goal was to kill every Tutsi living in Rwanda and, with the exception of the advancing RPF army, there was no opposition force to prevent or slow the killings.


  • Rwanda
    Monday May 16, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    RPF had cut the road between Kigali and Gitarama

    Rwanda
    Monday May 16, 1994

    By 16 May, RPF (the Rwandan Patriotic Front) had cut the road between Kigali and Gitarama, the temporary home of the interim government.


  • Rwanda
    Tuesday May 17, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Resolution 918

    Rwanda
    Tuesday May 17, 1994

    On 17 May 1994, the UN passed Resolution 918, which imposed an arms embargo and reinforced UNAMIR, which would be known as UNAMIR II. The new soldiers did not start arriving until June, and following the end of the genocide in July, the role of UNAMIR II was largely confined to maintaining security and stability, until its termination in 1996.


  • Rwanda
    Tuesday May 17, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    UNHCR began hearing concrete accounts of atrocities and made this information public

    Rwanda
    Tuesday May 17, 1994

    The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) began hearing concrete accounts of atrocities and made this information public on 17 May.


  • Gitarama, Rwanda
    Monday Jun 13, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    RPF had taken Gitarama itself

    Gitarama, Rwanda
    Monday Jun 13, 1994

    By 13 June, RPF (the Rwandan Patriotic Front) had taken Gitarama itself, following an unsuccessful attempt by the Rwandan government forces to reopen the road; the interim government was forced to relocate to Gisenyi in the far north west.


  • Rwanda
    Thursday Jun 23, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Opération Turquoise

    Rwanda
    Thursday Jun 23, 1994

    On 23 June, around 2,500 soldiers entered southwestern Rwanda as part of the French-led United Nations Opération Turquoise.


  • Rwanda
    Jul, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Kagame's forces held the whole of Rwanda except for the zone in the south-west

    Rwanda
    Jul, 1994

    At the end of July 1994, Kagame's forces held the whole of Rwanda except for the zone in the south-west which had been occupied by a French-led United Nations force as part of Opération Turquoise.


  • Rwanda
    Monday Jul 4, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The Liberation Day for Rwanda

    Rwanda
    Monday Jul 4, 1994

    The Liberation Day for Rwanda would come to be marked as 4 July and is commemorated as a public holiday.


  • Rwanda
    1994
    United Nations

    UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda failed to intervene in the Rwandan genocide

    Rwanda
    1994

    In 1994, the UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda failed to intervene in the Rwandan genocide amid indecision in the Security Council.


  • Rwanda
    Tuesday Jan 11, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Genocide Fax

    Rwanda
    Tuesday Jan 11, 1994

    On 11 January 1994, General Roméo Dallaire, commander of UNAMIR (United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda), sent his "Genocide Fax" to UN Headquarters. The fax stated that Dallaire was in contact with "a top level trainer in the cadre of Interhamwe-armed militia of MRND." The informant—now known to be Mathieu Ngirumpatse's chauffeur, Kassim Turatsinze, a.k.a. "Jean-Pierre" – claimed to have been ordered to register all Tutsi in Kigali. According to the memo, Turatsinze suspected that a genocide against the Tutsis was being planned, and he said that "in 20 minutes his personnel could kill up to 1000 Tutsis". Dallaire's request to protect the informant and his family and to raid the weapons caches he revealed was denied.


  • Rwanda
    Wednesday Apr 6, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    A Crisis Committee

    Rwanda
    Wednesday Apr 6, 1994

    Following Habyarimana's death, on the evening of 6 April, a crisis committee was formed; it consisted of Major General Augustin Ndindiliyimana, Colonel Théoneste Bagosora, and a number of other senior army staff officers. The committee was headed by Bagosora, despite the presence of the more senior Ndindiliyimana. Prime Minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana was legally next in the line of political succession, but the committee refused to recognise her authority. Roméo Dallaire met with the committee that night and insisted that Uwilingiyimana be placed in charge, but Bagosora refused, saying Uwilingiyimana did not "enjoy the confidence of the Rwandan people" and was "incapable of governing the nation". The committee also justified its existence as being essential to avoid uncertainty following the president's death. Bagosora sought to convince UNAMIR and the RPF that the committee was acting to contain the Presidential Guard, which he described as "out of control", and that it would abide by the Arusha agreement.


  • Kigali, Rwanda
    Wednesday Apr 6, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The assassination of Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana

    Kigali, Rwanda
    Wednesday Apr 6, 1994

    The genocide was organised by members of the core Hutu political elite, many of whom occupied positions at top levels of the national government. Most historians agree that a genocide against the Tutsi had been planned for at least a year. However the assassination of Rwandan president Juvénal Habyarimana on 6 April 1994 created a power vacuum and ended peace accords. Genocidal killings began the following day when soldiers, police, and militia executed key Tutsi and moderate Hutu military and political leaders.


  • Rwanda
    Thursday Apr 7, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Paul Kagame warned the crisis committee and UNAMIR that he would resume the civil war if the killing did not stop

    Rwanda
    Thursday Apr 7, 1994

    On 7 April, as the genocide started, RPF (the Rwandan Patriotic Front) commander Paul Kagame warned the crisis committee and UNAMIR that he would resume the civil war if the killing did not stop.


  • Rwanda
    Thursday Apr 7, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The ICTR prosecution was unable to prove that a conspiracy to commit genocide

    Rwanda
    Thursday Apr 7, 1994

    The ICTR (International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda) prosecution was unable to prove that a conspiracy to commit genocide existed prior to 7 April 1994.


  • Gikondo, Rwanda
    Saturday Apr 9, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The massacre of children

    Gikondo, Rwanda
    Saturday Apr 9, 1994

    On 9 April, UN observers witnessed the massacre of children at a Polish church in Gikondo.


  • Kigali, Rwanda
    Monday Apr 11, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The Official Technical School

    Kigali, Rwanda
    Monday Apr 11, 1994

    Thousands sought refuge in the Official Technical School (École Technique Officielle) in Kigali where Belgian UNAMIR soldiers were stationed. On 11 April, the Belgian soldiers withdrew, and Rwandan armed forces and militia killed all the Tutsi.


  • Rwanda
    Tuesday Apr 12, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The Belgian government announced that it was withdrawing

    Rwanda
    Tuesday Apr 12, 1994

    On 12 April, the Belgian government, which was one of the largest troop contributors to UNAMIR, and had lost ten soldiers protecting Prime Minister Uwilingiliyimana, announced that it was withdrawing, reducing the force's effectiveness even further.


  • Nyange, Rwanda
    Tuesday Apr 12, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Nyarubuye massacre

    Nyange, Rwanda
    Tuesday Apr 12, 1994

    One such massacre occurred at Nyarubuye. On 12 April, more than 1,500 Tutsis sought refuge in a Catholic church in Nyange, then in Kivumu commune.


  • Rwanda
    May, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The Presidential Guard, gendarmerie and the youth militia, aided by local populations, continued killing at a very high rate

    Rwanda
    May, 1994

    During the remainder of April and early May, the Presidential Guard, gendarmerie and the youth militia, aided by local populations, continued killing at a very high rate. Gerard Prunier estimates that during the first six weeks, up to 800,000 Rwandans may have been murdered, representing a rate five times higher than during the Holocaust of Nazi Germany. The goal was to kill every Tutsi living in Rwanda and, with the exception of the advancing RPF army, there was no opposition force to prevent or slow the killings.


  • Rwanda
    Monday May 16, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    RPF had cut the road between Kigali and Gitarama

    Rwanda
    Monday May 16, 1994

    By 16 May, RPF (the Rwandan Patriotic Front) had cut the road between Kigali and Gitarama, the temporary home of the interim government.


  • Rwanda
    Tuesday May 17, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Resolution 918

    Rwanda
    Tuesday May 17, 1994

    On 17 May 1994, the UN passed Resolution 918, which imposed an arms embargo and reinforced UNAMIR, which would be known as UNAMIR II. The new soldiers did not start arriving until June, and following the end of the genocide in July, the role of UNAMIR II was largely confined to maintaining security and stability, until its termination in 1996.


  • Rwanda
    Tuesday May 17, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    UNHCR began hearing concrete accounts of atrocities and made this information public

    Rwanda
    Tuesday May 17, 1994

    The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) began hearing concrete accounts of atrocities and made this information public on 17 May.


  • Gitarama, Rwanda
    Monday Jun 13, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    RPF had taken Gitarama itself

    Gitarama, Rwanda
    Monday Jun 13, 1994

    By 13 June, RPF (the Rwandan Patriotic Front) had taken Gitarama itself, following an unsuccessful attempt by the Rwandan government forces to reopen the road; the interim government was forced to relocate to Gisenyi in the far north west.


  • Rwanda
    Thursday Jun 23, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Opération Turquoise

    Rwanda
    Thursday Jun 23, 1994

    On 23 June, around 2,500 soldiers entered southwestern Rwanda as part of the French-led United Nations Opération Turquoise.


  • Rwanda
    Jul, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    Kagame's forces held the whole of Rwanda except for the zone in the south-west

    Rwanda
    Jul, 1994

    At the end of July 1994, Kagame's forces held the whole of Rwanda except for the zone in the south-west which had been occupied by a French-led United Nations force as part of Opération Turquoise.


  • Rwanda
    Monday Jul 4, 1994
    Rwandan genocide

    The Liberation Day for Rwanda

    Rwanda
    Monday Jul 4, 1994

    The Liberation Day for Rwanda would come to be marked as 4 July and is commemorated as a public holiday.


  • Rwanda
    1994
    United Nations

    UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda failed to intervene in the Rwandan genocide

    Rwanda
    1994

    In 1994, the UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda failed to intervene in the Rwandan genocide amid indecision in the Security Council.


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