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  • Managua, Nicaragua
    1961
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    Forming The FSLN

    Managua, Nicaragua
    1961

    In 1961 Carlos Fonseca Amador, Silvio Mayorga, and Tomás Borge Martínez formed the FSLN (Sandinista National Liberation Front) with other student activists at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Nicaragua (UNAN) in Managua. For the founding members of the FSLN, this was not their first experience with political activism. Amador, first General Secretary of the organization, had worked with others on a newspaper "broadly critical" of the Somoza reign titled Segovia.




  • Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua
    Sunday Apr 9, 1961
    Bay of Pigs Invasion

    Brigade 2506 Started Transferring To Puerto Cabezas

    Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua
    Sunday Apr 9, 1961

    On 9 April 1961, Brigade 2506 personnel, ships, and aircraft started transferring from Guatemala to Puerto Cabezas. Curtiss C-46s were also used for transport between Retalhuleu and a CIA base (code-named JMTide, aka Happy Valley) at Puerto Cabezas.




  • Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua
    Friday Apr 14, 1961
    Bay of Pigs Invasion

    The invasion Fleet

    Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua
    Friday Apr 14, 1961

    Under cover of darkness, the invasion fleet set sail from Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua and headed towards the Bay of Pigs on the night of 14 April.




  • Nicaragua
    1970s
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    The FSLN began a Campaign of Kidnappings

    Nicaragua
    1970s

    In the 1970s the FSLN began a campaign of kidnappings which led to national recognition of the group in the Nicaraguan media and solidification of the group as a force in opposition to the Somoza Regime.




  • Nicaragua
    1978
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    The administration of U.S. President Jimmy Carter Cut Off aid To the Somoza Regime

    Nicaragua
    1978

    The Somoza Regime, which included the Nicaraguan National Guard, a force highly trained by the U.S. military, declared a state of siege, and proceeded to use torture, extra-judicial killings, intimidation and censorship of the press in order to combat the FSLN attacks. This led to international condemnation of the regime and in 1978 the administration of U.S. president Jimmy Carter cut off aid to the Somoza regime due to its human rights violations (Boland Amendment). In response, Somoza lifted the state of siege in order to continue receiving aid.




  • Nicaragua
    Tuesday Jan 10, 1978
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal was Murdered

    Nicaragua
    Tuesday Jan 10, 1978

    On 10 January 1978, the editor of the Managua newspaper La Prensa, and founder of the Union for Democratic Liberation (UDEL), Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal was murdered by suspected elements of the Somoza regime, and riots broke out in the capital city, Managua, targeting the Somoza regime.




  • Nicaragua
    Monday Jan 23, 1978
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    A General Strike Called For The End of The Somoza Regime

    Nicaragua
    Monday Jan 23, 1978

    Following the riots, a general strike on 23–24 January called for the end of the Somoza regime and was, according to the U.S. State Department staff at the U.S. Embassy, successful at shutting down around 80% of businesses in not only Managua but also the provincial capitals of León, Granada, Chinandega, and Matagalpa.


  • Nicaragua
    Tuesday Aug 22, 1978
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    The FSLN Staged a Massive Kidnapping Operation

    Nicaragua
    Tuesday Aug 22, 1978

    On 22 August 1978 the FSLN staged a massive kidnapping operation. Led by Éden Pastora, the Sandinistan forces captured the National Palace while the legislature was in session, taking 2,000 hostages. Pastora demanded money, the release of Sandinistan prisoners, and, "a means of publicizing the Sandinista cause."After two days, the government agreed to pay $500,000 and to release certain prisoners, marking a major victory for the FSLN.


  • Nicaragua
    1979
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    The Organization of American States Supervised Negotiations between The FSLN and The Government

    Nicaragua
    1979

    In early 1979 the Organization of American States supervised negotiations between the FSLN and the government. However, these broke down when it became clear that the Somoza regime had no intention of allowing democratic elections to take place.


  • Nicaragua
    Jun, 1979
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    The FSLN Controlled all of The Country Except The Capital

    Nicaragua
    Jun, 1979

    By June 1979 the FSLN controlled all of the country except the capital.


  • Managua, Nicaragu
    Tuesday Jul 17, 1979
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    President Somoza Resigned

    Managua, Nicaragu
    Tuesday Jul 17, 1979

    on 17 July President Somoza resigned and the FSLN entered Managua, giving full control of the government to the revolutionary movements.


  • Nicaragua
    1982
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    Contra Forces had begun carrying out Assassinations of Members of The Nicaraguan Government

    Nicaragua
    1982

    By 1982 Contra forces had begun carrying out assassinations of members of the Nicaraguan government.


  • Nicaragua
    1983
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    Contras had launched a Major Offensive

    Nicaragua
    1983

    By 1983 the Contras had launched a major offensive and the CIA was helping them to plant mines in Nicaragua's harbors to prevent foreign weapons shipments from arriving.


  • Nicaragua
    Sunday Nov 4, 1984
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    The Nicaraguan General Election of 1984

    Nicaragua
    Sunday Nov 4, 1984

    The 1984 election took place on 4 November. Of the 1,551,597 citizens registered in July, 1,170,142 voted (75.41%). The null votes were 6% of the total. International observers declared the elections free and fair, despite the Reagan administration denouncing it as a "Soviet style sham".


  • Nicaragua
    1987
    Nicaraguan Revolution

    The 1987 Iran–Contra affair

    Nicaragua
    1987

    The 1987 Iran–Contra affair placed the Reagan Administration again at the center of secret support for the Contras.


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