Al-Musta'in was the only Cairo-based caliph to hold political power as Sultan of Egypt
1406 Cairo, Egypt
Al-Musta'in Billah was the tenth "shadow" caliph of Cairo, reigning under the tutelage of the Mamluk sultans from 1406 to 1414. He was the only Cairo-based caliph to hold political power as Sultan of Egypt.
