شعار مسودة التاريخ
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  • U.S.
    1880
    Theodore Roosevelt

    Marriage

    U.S.
    1880

    On his 22nd birthday in 1880, Roosevelt married socialite Alice Hathaway Lee.




  • South Africa
    1880
    Second Boer War

    South African Republic

    South Africa
    1880

    Britain attempted to annex first the South African Republic in 1880, and then, in 1899, both the South African Republic and the Orange Free State.




  • France
    1880
    Statue of Liberty

    Gustave Eiffel

    France
    1880

    In 1880, Bartholdi was able to obtain the services of the innovative designer and builder Gustave Eiffel. Eiffel and his structural engineer, Maurice Koechlin, decided to abandon the pier and instead build an iron truss tower. Eiffel opted not to use a completely rigid structure, which would force stresses to accumulate in the skin and lead eventually to cracking. A secondary skeleton was attached to the center pylon, then, to enable the statue to move slightly in the winds of New York Harbor and as the metal expanded on hot summer days, he loosely connected the support structure to the skin using flat iron bars which culminated in a mesh of metal straps, known as "saddles", that were riveted to the skin, providing firm support. In a labor-intensive process, each saddle had to be crafted individually. To prevent galvanic corrosion between the copper skin and the iron support structure, Eiffel insulated the skin with asbestos impregnated with shellac.




  • Prague, Czech
    Jan 1880
    Nikola Tesla

    left Gospić for Prague

    Prague, Czech
    Jan 1880

    In January 1880, two of Tesla's uncles put together enough money to help him leave Gospić for Prague, where he was to study. He arrived too late to enroll at Charles-Ferdinand University; he had never studied Greek, a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject. Tesla did, however, attend lectures in philosophy at the university as an auditor but he did not receive grades for the courses.




  • Dublin, Ireland (then in United Kingdom)
    1880
    Winston Churchill

    Winston's brother was born

    Dublin, Ireland (then in United Kingdom)
    1880

    Winston's brother, Jack, was born there in 1880.




  • St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
    1880
    Hot Dog

    Feuchtwanger

    St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
    1880

    A German immigrant named Feuchtwanger, from Frankfurt, in Hesse, allegedly pioneered the practice in the American midwest; there are several versions of the story with varying details. According to one account, Feuchtwanger's wife proposed the use of a bun in 1880: Feuchtwanger sold hot dogs on the streets of St. Louis, Missouri, and provided gloves to his customers so that they could handle the sausages without burning their hands. Losing money when customers did not return the gloves, Feuchtwanger's wife suggested serving the sausages in a roll instead.




  • New Jersey, U.S.
    1880
    Bicycle

    American Star Bicycle

    New Jersey, U.S.
    1880

    In 1880, G.W. Pressey invented the high-wheeler American Star Bicycle, whose smaller front wheel was designed to decrease the frequency of "headers".


  • Vienna, Austria
    1880
    Beethoven

    Vienna Statue

    Vienna, Austria
    1880

    Vienna did not honor Beethoven with a statue until 1880.


  • South Africa
    Dec 1880
    Second Boer War

    First Boer War

    South Africa
    Dec 1880

    The conflict is commonly referred to as the Boer War, since the First Boer War (December 1880 to March 1881) was a much smaller conflict. "Boer" (meaning farmer) is the common term for Afrikaans-speaking white South Africans descended from the Dutch East India Company's original settlers at the Cape of Good Hope. It is also known as the (Second) Anglo-Boer War among some South Africans. In Afrikaans it may be called the Anglo-Boereoorlog ("Anglo-Boer War"), Tweede Boereoorlog ("Second Boer War"), Tweede Vryheidsoorlog ("Second Freedom War") or Engelse oorlog ("English War").


  • U.S.
    1880
    Theodore Roosevelt

    Marriage

    U.S.
    1880

    On his 22nd birthday in 1880, Roosevelt married socialite Alice Hathaway Lee.


  • South Africa
    1880
    Second Boer War

    South African Republic

    South Africa
    1880

    Britain attempted to annex first the South African Republic in 1880, and then, in 1899, both the South African Republic and the Orange Free State.


  • France
    1880
    Statue of Liberty

    Gustave Eiffel

    France
    1880

    In 1880, Bartholdi was able to obtain the services of the innovative designer and builder Gustave Eiffel. Eiffel and his structural engineer, Maurice Koechlin, decided to abandon the pier and instead build an iron truss tower. Eiffel opted not to use a completely rigid structure, which would force stresses to accumulate in the skin and lead eventually to cracking. A secondary skeleton was attached to the center pylon, then, to enable the statue to move slightly in the winds of New York Harbor and as the metal expanded on hot summer days, he loosely connected the support structure to the skin using flat iron bars which culminated in a mesh of metal straps, known as "saddles", that were riveted to the skin, providing firm support. In a labor-intensive process, each saddle had to be crafted individually. To prevent galvanic corrosion between the copper skin and the iron support structure, Eiffel insulated the skin with asbestos impregnated with shellac.


  • Prague, Czech
    Jan 1880
    Nikola Tesla

    left Gospić for Prague

    Prague, Czech
    Jan 1880

    In January 1880, two of Tesla's uncles put together enough money to help him leave Gospić for Prague, where he was to study. He arrived too late to enroll at Charles-Ferdinand University; he had never studied Greek, a required subject; and he was illiterate in Czech, another required subject. Tesla did, however, attend lectures in philosophy at the university as an auditor but he did not receive grades for the courses.


  • Dublin, Ireland (then in United Kingdom)
    1880
    Winston Churchill

    Winston's brother was born

    Dublin, Ireland (then in United Kingdom)
    1880

    Winston's brother, Jack, was born there in 1880.


  • St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
    1880
    Hot Dog

    Feuchtwanger

    St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
    1880

    A German immigrant named Feuchtwanger, from Frankfurt, in Hesse, allegedly pioneered the practice in the American midwest; there are several versions of the story with varying details. According to one account, Feuchtwanger's wife proposed the use of a bun in 1880: Feuchtwanger sold hot dogs on the streets of St. Louis, Missouri, and provided gloves to his customers so that they could handle the sausages without burning their hands. Losing money when customers did not return the gloves, Feuchtwanger's wife suggested serving the sausages in a roll instead.


  • New Jersey, U.S.
    1880
    Bicycle

    American Star Bicycle

    New Jersey, U.S.
    1880

    In 1880, G.W. Pressey invented the high-wheeler American Star Bicycle, whose smaller front wheel was designed to decrease the frequency of "headers".


  • Vienna, Austria
    1880
    Beethoven

    Vienna Statue

    Vienna, Austria
    1880

    Vienna did not honor Beethoven with a statue until 1880.


  • South Africa
    Dec 1880
    Second Boer War

    First Boer War

    South Africa
    Dec 1880

    The conflict is commonly referred to as the Boer War, since the First Boer War (December 1880 to March 1881) was a much smaller conflict. "Boer" (meaning farmer) is the common term for Afrikaans-speaking white South Africans descended from the Dutch East India Company's original settlers at the Cape of Good Hope. It is also known as the (Second) Anglo-Boer War among some South Africans. In Afrikaans it may be called the Anglo-Boereoorlog ("Anglo-Boer War"), Tweede Boereoorlog ("Second Boer War"), Tweede Vryheidsoorlog ("Second Freedom War") or Engelse oorlog ("English War").


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